![]() Within seconds after the bombings, 80 % of the city centres were completely destroyed through shock and heat waves (of at least 6,000 ☌). However, due to poor visibility Nagasaki, which was the seat of the arms company Mitsubishi at that time, was approached. Kokura, an important city for the defence industry, had been the original target of the second bombing on 9 August. Moreover, there was no prisoner-of-war camp (with US inmates). It was the seat of the General Headquarters of Japan's Second General Army and a military storage point at the same time. Hiroshima was selected as target for the bombing of 6 August. Although many scientists involved in its development had advised against its use, the decision to employ the atomic bomb was taken in 1945. After that in 1942, the USA began to develop and build the atomic bomb ("Manhattan Project") which was then successfully tested ("Trinity Test") in Los Alamos in July 1945.įollowing almost four years of continuous warfare and after Japan had rejected the ultimatum to surrender, the US military leadership requested permission to use the atomic bomb. This economic embargo resulted in the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941 and the spreading of the Pacific War to America. Peace memorial in Hiroshima: monument for the first military use of the atomic bombĭuring the Pacific War between Japan and China, the American government decided to restrict exports of petroleum and steel to Japan in order to prevent the war from spreading to South East Asia. Biological dosimetry following radiation exposure.Comparative tests for passive radon measuring devices.Accredited calibration laboratory.Measurement exercises on the ground.Helicopter-borne Measurement Exercises.Exercises for emergency situations.Response to Nuclear Security Events.Federal Radiological Situation Centre.What are the consequences of an emergency?.Occupational radiation protection.Atomic bombings: radiation protection.Principles of radiation protection.Ionising radiation: positive effects?.Epidemiology of radiation-induced diseases.Consequences of a radiation accident.Effects of selected radioactive materials.Items claiming to provide beneficial effects of radiation.pursuant to Radiation Protection Ordinance Register high-level radioactive radiation sources.Radioactive radiation sources in Germany.Applications in daily life and in technology.Radiation protection in medicine: international activities.Radiation protection in radiotherapy.Radiation applications and pregnancy.Coordinating Offices for Environmental Monitoring.Laboratories for the measurement of radioactive materials.Residues from deep geothermal energy.Residues from drinking-water treatment.Enhanced environmental radioactivity as a result of human influence.Natural radionuclides in building materials. ![]()
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